;電冰(bing)箱(xiang)制冷系(xi)統(tong)檢漏

　　由于制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑泄漏或更換(huan)部件后的電冰箱(xiang)，都(dou)應該對制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系統進行檢漏。制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系統檢漏一(yi)般采(cai)用下(xia)面(mian)三種方(fang)法：

　　（1）油(you)污(wu)檢漏(lou)法(fa)。制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑中溶解(jie)有(you)潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)油(you)，在(zai)(zai)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)工作時(shi)，溫(wen)度升高使(shi)一(yi)部分潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)油(you)氣(qi)化，隨著制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑滲(shen)(shen)(shen)漏(lou)出來，在(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)系統(tong)的(de)(de)表(biao)面上(shang)形(xing)成油(you)污(wu)，這(zhe)就是(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑滲(shen)(shen)(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)標志。在(zai)(zai)查找制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)系統(tong)上(shang)的(de)(de)油(you)污(wu)時(shi)，應重(zhong)點(dian)查找焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫。如(ru)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)密(mi)封機(ji)殼上(shang)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫、接線(xian)柱(zhu)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、高低壓(ya)管焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、高壓(ya)排氣(qi)管與(yu)冷(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、冷(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)與(yu)過濾(lv)器(qi)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)過濾(lv)器(qi)與(yu)毛細管的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、毛細管與(yu)蒸(zheng)發器(qi)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、蒸(zheng)發器(qi)與(yu)低壓(ya)吸氣(qi)管的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)、壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)上(shang)充灌制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑管的(de)(de)封口(kou)(kou)。如(ru)果油(you)污(wu)不(bu)明顯(xian)，可以用(yong)潔白(bai)的(de)(de)棉(mian)花或白(bai)紙(zhi)按住焊(han)(han)(han)(han)口(kou)(kou)，過一(yi)會，觀察棉(mian)花上(shang)是(shi)否有(you)油(you)污(wu)，如(ru)有(you)油(you)污(wu)，說(shuo)明此處(chu)有(you)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)漏(lou)。確定滲(shen)(shen)(shen)漏(lou)后，用(yong)砂(sha)布打(da)光進行補焊(han)(han)(han)(han)。由(you)于油(you)污(wu)在(zai)(zai)電冰箱使(shi)用(yong)較長(chang)時(shi)間后，才(cai)會在(zai)(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)漏(lou)處(chu)明顯(xian)存在(zai)(zai)，因(yin)此油(you)污(wu)檢漏(lou)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)，只適用(yong)使(shi)用(yong)一(yi)段時(shi)間的(de)(de)電冰箱。

電冰箱制冷系統檢漏

　　（2）打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏。打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏是向電(dian)冰箱制(zhi)冷系統充進一(yi)定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體來檢(jian)漏。打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏可以用(yong)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)或空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是惰(duo)性氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體，不含水份，不易燃燒，無腐蝕性，使(shi)用(yong)安全。由于氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶內裝的氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力很高（一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)150公斤/平方厘米(mi)左右），為(wei)(wei)使(shi)用(yong)安全必須(xu)經(jing)過減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)后才能使(shi)用(yong)。如果沒有(you)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，也可以便用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。為(wei)(wei)防止空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中的水分進入(ru)制(zhi)冷系統，必須(xu)要用(yong)干燥過濾器(qi)過濾。打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏方法是：首先在封(feng)閉壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機的充灌制(zhi)冷劑(ji)管口處焊接組合工具。

　　用(yong)直(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)閥控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)打開(kai)和關閉(bi)(bi)，真空壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)表(biao)觀(guan)察制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣體(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。通過管路把直(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)閥與氮(dan)氣瓶連接，打開(kai)直(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)閥門，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣體(ti)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。當(dang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)達到10公(gong)斤/平方(fang)厘(li)米(mi)時，關閉(bi)(bi)直(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)閥門開(kai)始檢(jian)漏(lou)。用(yong)毛(mao)筆蘸(zhan)肥皂水按順(shun)序涂抹所(suo)有焊(han)口和懷疑有滲漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，并應(ying)仔細(xi)(xi)觀(guan)察，發(fa)現冒(mao)泡就是(shi)滲漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標志。發(fa)現滲漏(lou)后(hou)(hou)，把壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣體(ti)放掉(diao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)補焊(han)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)再打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏(lou)。對整個制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏(lou)是(shi)一(yi)件耐心細(xi)(xi)致的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作，需(xu)要反復檢(jian)漏(lou)2~3次，才(cai)能使(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)密閉(bi)(bi)。最后(hou)(hou)應(ying)再進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏(lou)。定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法如下(xia)：向制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)充(chong)入壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣體(ti)，使(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)為一(yi)定(ding)值（10公(gong)斤/平方(fang)厘(li)米(mi)），關閉(bi)(bi)直(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)閥門。隔12小時后(hou)(hou)，觀(guan)察制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)，應(ying)沒有明(ming)顯變(bian)化。如果壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)下(xia)降(jiang)，則制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)仍(reng)存在細(xi)(xi)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲漏(lou)應(ying)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢(jian)漏(lou)。如果充(chong)入制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣體(ti)溫度高，經(jing)過12小時后(hou)(hou)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)稍有降(jiang)低是(shi)正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這是(shi)氣體(ti)熱脹冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)縮(suo)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)變(bian)化，不是(shi)滲漏(lou)造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)。打壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏(lou)或定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檢(jian)漏(lou)也可用(yong)于單個部件（壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)、蒸器、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器）檢(jian)漏(lou)。補焊(han)必(bi)須在制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內沒有壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。

　　（3）鹵(lu)素(su)檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)燈(deng)檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。利(li)用鹵(lu)素(su)檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)燈(deng)紅色(se)火(huo)(huo)焰在碰(peng)到氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)氣體時(shi)會改變顏(yan)色(se)這個(ge)特點，就可以找到氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)地方。氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)程度不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)燈(deng)火(huo)(huo)焰顏(yan)色(se)的(de)變化也(ye)就不(bu)(bu)同(tong)。氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)濃度小(xiao)時(shi)，火(huo)(huo)焰變成微綠色(se)，隨著(zhu)氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)濃度的(de)加大(da)，火(huo)(huo)焰變成綠色(se)，深(shen)綠色(se)，紫綠色(se)。因(yin)為氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)的(de)比(bi)重比(bi)空氣大(da)，所以往往滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)在火(huo)(huo)焰的(de)上方。鹵(lu)素(su)檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)燈(deng)只能檢(jian)查(cha)發現滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)大(da)概(gai)位置，準確、具體的(de)滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)位置還要(yao)靠涂肥皂水來確定。此外在使用鹵(lu)素(su)檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)燈(deng)檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)時(shi)，周圍空氣中不(bu)(bu)應有氟(fu)里(li)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)氣體存在，以免影響檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)準確性(xing)。

　　用打壓(ya)檢(jian)(jian)漏法檢(jian)(jian)漏時(shi)，也可以給制(zhi)冷系統先充(chong)入0.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/平方厘米(mi)的(de)氟里昂(ang)，再充(chong)入壓(ya)縮氣體，使(shi)制(zhi)冷系統壓(ya)力(li)為10公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/平方厘米(mi)，然(ran)后用檢(jian)(jian)漏燈檢(jian)(jian)漏。

　　本(ben)文來自：中(zhong)國(guo)制冷網(wang)